Tuesday, April 15, 2025

Remembering Bob Irving (1931-2025)


Bob Irving, an extraordinary docent who introduced Chicago’s iconic architecture to thousands of people over the course of fifty years, passed away on Monday, April 7, 2025, at the age of 93. A native of New York City, Bob had called Chicago home since 1967, when he came to the city to teach at IIT. Within a few years, he was pursuing his passion for historic architecture, volunteering as a docent with the newly formed Chicago School of Architecture Foundation to lead tours of Glessner House and downtown. Over the years, he also gave of his time and talents with the Clarke House, the Charnley-Persky House, and with Friends of Historic Second Church.

On behalf of his Chicago family – his chosen family – it is my privilege to share some stories of Bob’s life, interspersed with his own witty commentary. He will be greatly missed, but all of those whose lives he touched are richer for the opportunity to have known him and to see Chicago through his eyes.

EARLY YEARS

Robert Francis Edward Irving Jr. was born on June 30, 1931, in New York City. His mother, Gertrude Haggerty (1897-1991) and his father Robert (1899-1975) had both been born in New York City as well. They married in 1927 and welcomed Bob’s only sibling, Ellen, in 1928. His father worked as a textile salesman, and the family resided in the Bronx.

Bob’s parents had given him permission to explore the city on his own when he was around ten years old, and within days, he and a friend had ridden every branch of the New York City subway to the end of the line. In 2023, he recalled his early fascination with old houses:

"I am a bona fide OLD HOUSE NUT! I was reared in a place called ‘Riverdale’ in the North Bronx, on the edge of one of New York City's largest parks, Van Cortlandt Park--dominated by the old "patroon mansion," the Frederick Van Cortlandt Mansion (1748). From my first visit there as a little boy (about 10 years old), I was "hooked" on old home mansions and, as soon as I was old enough, began visiting sites that were open to the public. The Isaac Varion House (1758), the Edgar Allan Poe Cottage (1812), the Billopp House in Staten Island (pre-1680). By my teens, I was traveling to view old houses, like Chalkley Hall in Philadelphia. My parents fortunately were sympathetic to my interests, and when I was 15, treated my sister and me to a week at Williamsburg.”


In 1945, Bob was accepted into the Bronx High School of Science, founded seven years earlier as a specialized science and math high school for boys; it became co-ed in 1946. The school was located in a Gothic inspired building at Creston Avenue and 184th Street, designed by architect Charles B. J. Snyder in 1918. Bob thrived in the rigorous academic environment and initially considered science for a career before settling on English as his focus of study. 


He graduated in 1949 and was a member of Arista, the name for the National Honor Society used in the New York City public schools. (The school continues today and is noted for having produced the most Nobel laureates of any secondary school in the world.)

UNIVERSITY YEARS


In the fall of 1949, Bob enrolled in the New York University Washington Square College of Arts and Sciences. As the name suggests, the campus surrounds Washington Square Park in Greenwich Village and, as such, has long used the triumphal arch in the park as its unofficial symbol. (The marble arch was designed by Stanford White in 1891 to replace a temporary arch erected in 1889 to commemorate the centenary of George Washington’s first inauguration). Bob received his Bachelor of Science degree in 1953, having been elected into both Phi Beta Kappa, the oldest and most prestigious academic honor society in the United States, and Sigma Delta Omicron, the English Honors Society.


He continued his studies at Yale University where he received his Master of Arts in English in 1958, and his Doctor of Philosophy in English in 1961. The 1950s to the 1970s is regarded as the “glory days” of the Yale English department, with the preeminent literary critic Harold Bloom arriving at the university in 1955, and Louis Martz serving as chair of the department from 1956 to 1962. A colleague once wrote of the versatility of Professor Martz, “He was an eminent authority in English literature of the Renaissance and the 18th century, in 20th-century poetry, and in the fiction of D. H. Lawrence and Iris Murdoch.”

Just prior to Bob’s arrival at Yale, Martz had published one of his most important works, The Poetry of Meditation: A Study in English Religious Literature of the Seventeenth Century, for which he was awarded the prestigious Christian Gauss Prize. Other professors serving in the department at the time included medievalist Robert James Menner, Joseph Toy Curtiss who founded Yale’s Humanities program, Shakespearian scholar Helge Køkeritz, and Charles Prouty, the author of A Guide to Chaucer’s Pronunciation.

Bob accepted an appointment to teach English at Georgetown University, where one of his students was the future 42nd U.S. president, Bill Clinton, class of 1968. Clinton recalled Bob’s unique teaching style in his 2004 autobiography, My Life:

“My other two teachers were real characters. Robert Irving taught English to freshmen who were unprepared for his rapid-fire, acid commentary on the propensity of freshmen to be verbose and imprecise. He wrote withering comments in the margins of essays, calling one of his students ‘a capricious little bilge pump,’ responding to another's expression of chagrin with ‘turned into a cabbage, did you?’ My papers received more pedestrian rebukes: in the margins or at the end, Dr. Irving wrote ‘awk’ for awkward, ‘ugh,’ ‘rather dull, pathetic.’ On one paper I saved, he finally wrote ‘clever and thoughtful,’ only to follow it by asking me to ‘next time be a sport’ and write my essay on ‘better paper’!

“One day Dr. Irving read aloud an essay one of his former students had written on Marvell to illustrate the importance of using language with care. The student noted that Marvell loved his wife even after she died, then added the unfortunate sentence, ‘Of course physical love, for the most part, ends after death.’ Irving roared, ‘For the most part! For the most part! I suppose to some people, there's nothing better on a warm day than a nice cold corpse!’ That was a little rich for a bunch of eighteen- year-old Catholic school kids and one Southern Baptist. Wherever he is today, I dread the thought of Dr. Irving reading this book and can only imagine the scorching comments he's scribbling in the margins.” 

After leaving Georgetown, Bob taught for a few years at Miami University in Oxford, Ohio, which he referred to as “darkest Ohio.” His IIT colleague, John Snapper, recalled an amusing incident while Bob was at Miami:

My favorite story from Bob about his Miami years is his discovery that the university prize winning student essay was plagiarized from the book of memoirs that the president gave to all new faculty. Implication: Bob was the only resident who read both items. I do not know if he told this story to poke fun at MU or to poke fun at himself.  Probably both. Two jokes for the price of one.” 

CHICAGO YEARS

In 1967, Bob accepted the position of Associate Professor of English at IIT, a position he would hold for the next 28 years. For several years around 1980, he served as chair of the humanities department. Although his doctoral work had been on a late 19th century poet, many of his courses focused on Chicago in literature.

Bob was never seen without a necktie; he owned hundreds. He once shared that his students gifted him with a plastic necktie, so that he could wear it while showering.


Shortly after arriving at IIT, Bob met George Danforth, who had taken over as chair of the College of Architecture from Mies van der Rohe. Danforth was one of the nineteen individuals who signed a resolution creating the Chicago School of Architecture Foundation in April 1966, for the purpose of purchasing Glessner House. Learning of Bob’s interest in old houses, Danforth suggested Bob visit the house, which was close to the campus.

In 2012, Bob was asked to write about his early memories of Glessner House and meeting its first full-time paid executive director for the book Jeanette Fields: A Community Life. He wrote:

“After several fruitless attempts to visit the house (there never seemed to be anyone there), I tried once more in late 1970. To my surprise and delight, I perceived that there seemed to be someone in the house. Ringing the bell (not then knowing that the bell was disconnected) I got no response, but undaunted, I tapped on the glass of one of the windows and attracted the attention of the person inside. The door was opened by Jeanette Fields.

“In my past experiences with historic houses, I noted that the caretakers of such places often seemed almost as ancient as the shrines they served. Here, on the contrary, was a young, dynamic and highly attractive woman (I later dubbed her ‘the Rita Hayworth of Restoration.’) She was a far cry from the ancient crones with whom I’d been familiar. Indeed, her youth and vitality made the then dark and grim Glessner House seem all the more dreary.

“I asked her whether I might see the interior, and she readily agreed to show me around. Those visiting the restored and gorgeously decorated Glessner House of today would scarcely recognize what the house looked like then. Its façade blackened by years of industrial soot, and largely covered with a veritable jungle of tangled vines, the house presented a looming, ominous face to the world. Within, despite the fine oak paneling and the handsomely proportioned rooms, the same gloom prevailed. Jeanette herself was the sole bright spirit in the vast lowering mansion. She told me that she had just been appointed to be the Executive Director of what was then called the Chicago School of Architecture Foundation, the owner of the house.

“As we walked about the empty rooms she waxed enthusiastic about the future of the house. She was clearly already an articulate advocate for its preservation and restoration. I couldn’t help feeling a bit sorry for her, since the task she was undertaking seemed enormous and unlikely to be achieved. She quickly noticed my interest in the building, however, and told me the Foundation was planning a program under her direction to train volunteer guides to show the house, and to conduct architectural walking tours of our downtown architectural masterpieces. She was herself an experienced tour guide and was working to finalize the training program schedule. She asked me whether I might be interested in joining that first training program and learning to become a docent. Although I said yes and left her my address and telephone number, I remember thinking as I left, ‘I doubt if I’ll ever hear from her again.’ The task seemed so very daunting, and Jeanette seemed very alone in that huge house.

“My misgivings proved groundless, however, and, to my surprise, she contacted me again in January 1971. She had advertised the program and collected a group of possible trainees of whom I was one. We were each of us interviewed by Jeanette and one or two Foundation board members, in my case, Marian Despres and Barbara Wriston. We were asked about our interests in architecture, our favorite Chicago buildings, and what we thought we might be able to bring to the program. About thirty of us formed the first docent class which lasted from the winter of 1970-71 into the early spring. Thanks to the contacts she had and the assistance of Foundation Board members, Jeanette had assembled an outstanding faculty for the program. Among our instructors were Carl Condit, Paul Sprague, and Jack Hartray.”

1971 docent class; Bob Irving standing at upper left, Marian Despres at the microphone

The class graduated on Saturday, June 12, 1971, with the ceremony taking place on the north steps of the Chicago Public Library (now the Cultural Center). That afternoon, Bob led his first official tour of downtown, impressing the participants with both his encyclopedic knowledge and his ability to weave the names and dates into an engaging story.

Bob Irving (at far left) leading his first tour of downtown, June 12, 1971. The entrance to the old John Crerar Library is visible at top center.

He participated fully in the work of the Foundation, being appointed to the first Docent Council and serving as the council representative on the CSAF board, which soon elected him secretary. Bob was one of six individuals who created an exhibit at the Chicago Public Library entitled “The Glessner House Story, from Prairie Avenue Days to the Present” which was seen by thousands of people. When the Glessner descendants returned dozens of boxes of original books to the house, Bob set to work cataloging and shelving the treasured tomes back in their original location in the library. He helped set up a temporary kitchen in the former butler’s pantry, assisted with the installation of another exhibition, this one focusing on the Arts & Crafts movement, and provided commentary for the early morning CBS program, “It’s Worth Knowing About Us.”

Bob Irving, center, regaling docents in the Glessner House library, 1972

Bob quickly became recognized as an authority on Chicago’s architecture and participated in the unsuccessful fight to save Louis Sullivan’s Stock Exchange building. The newly formed Landmarks Commission, which had designated Glessner House one of the first two landmarks in the city in October 1970 (along with Clarke House), called on Bob to recommend buildings for landmark designation, and to testify at the hearings. This was more than a decade before the Chicago Historic Resources Survey got underway to standardize the process for identifying buildings of architectural and historical merit.

Jeanette Fields recalled Bob’s ability to give an entertaining tour of Glessner House:

“The Glessners were remarkable people. They really collected the best! They collected prints, engravings. And they didn’t go for big Impressionist paintings. But they knew what they wanted and that’s what they got, and very much in the arts and crafts movement. There were the (casts of) the hands of Lincoln . . . and many pieces of sculpture that were very well known.

“I’m always amused when I think of the sculpture because there was one piece in the library that was rather erotic and it was obviously a man and a woman embracing, or making love. Anyway, when Bob Irving would give his tour, he’d say, ‘Yes, and this is a family scene!’ He was very funny. He was great. Oh, he’s marvelous. He could talk to you forever because he’s got such a mind that he doesn’t forget anything.”

Shortly after arriving in Chicago in 1967, Bob entered the offices of Waller & Beckwith, owners of the Pattington Apartments on Irving Park Road. The complex of 72 apartments, the largest in Chicago at the time of its construction 1902-1904, was a masterpiece of courtyard design by its architect, David E. Postle. He inquired about renting an apartment but was told none were available, and that units rarely came up for rent, as there was almost no turnover among residents. In 1977, the building was converted to condominiums and Bob acquired his unit, and it remained his home for the next 44 years. He helped in getting the building listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.


Bob was awarded Docent of the Year in 1984 and continued serving on the Board until 1985. But his most valuable contribution occurred just prior to that time. In the early 1980s, he developed a new walking tour called the “Riverwalk” that extended from Michigan Avenue west to the Sears Tower, crossing back and forth across the bridges over the Chicago River. In 1983, during NeoCon, the Foundation was approached by a furniture manufacturer to provide a tour guide for a cruise on a boat along the lake. They agreed but noted there was much to see along the river. Bob provided the tour, and the immensely popular river tour was born.


Bob later recalled the logic in creating the tour. “What could be nicer? You sit on your bottoms and the buildings go by! We have to do this!” In 2020, PBS host Geoffrey Baer confessed, “I stole your river reversal punchline ‘a taste of Chicago’ years ago. It gets a big laugh every time. I learned from the best!”

As new sites across the city opened for tours, Bob was always at the forefront. In 1977, the Clarke House (now known as the Clarke-Ford House), was moved from its location on the 4500 block of South Wabash, 3-1/2 miles north to a new location in the Prairie Avenue Historic District. A full restoration was undertaken by the City of Chicago, with furnishings provided by The National Society of The Colonial Dames of America in the State of Illinois, and it was opened to the public in 1982, with Bob as one of its first docents. (The house was operated by the Foundation, and later Glessner House, until 2015. When the city took over the tour program the next year, it required that all docents have a background check and be fingerprinted. Bob’s fingerprints were rather faint and he was called back, being told that if the new set of fingerprints wasn’t clear, he wouldn’t be able to continue as a docent, despite 34 years of service. His response? “I’m sorry, but I’ve been using my fingers for the past 85 years!” The second set of fingerprints was successful and he was able to continue as a docent.)

In 1994, Seymour Persky donated the Charnley House at 1365 N. Astor Street to the Society of Architectural Historians, which moved their offices into the building in late summer 1995. Elaine Harrington, a former curator with Glessner House who also launched the Clarke House docent program, put together a training program, and once again, Bob Irving was at the head of the docent line, sharing his knowledge of Louis Sullivan, Frank Lloyd Wright, and the “first modern house in America.”

Friends of Historic Second Church was organized in 2006 to oversee the art and architecture of the landmark Second Presbyterian Church at 1936 S. Michigan Avenue. Bob completed the docent training program the next year, and delighted in sharing his knowledge of the Arts & Crafts movement and Tiffany glass to visitors from across the globe.

Bob Irving, at right, with CAF president Lynn Osmond, and fellow docents Dick and Judith Spurgin, 2016

He remained an active Glessner House docent and was a decades-long member of its House & Collections Committee, which oversaw the planning and execution of restoration projects. When the newly developed Mother-Daughter Tea was first announced in 2010, he offered to provide the sixty teacups and five silver tea services needed. When I jokingly noted I was concerned he would now have to go without tea, he quickly noted “oh, no worries, I have another 300 teacups at home, and several more silver tea services!” Bob was also a valued member of the journal reading class, which spent several years reading through the transcribed copy of Frances Glessner’s journal, spanning 1879 to 1917 and filling 5,200 pages. He would carefully note the essential facts of every book and piece of music listed, and would share details on buildings mentioned in Chicago and across the country.

Bob Irving and Pauline Saliga, 2016

In 2016, he was honored with a Lifetime Achievement Award in recognition of his 45 years of service, during the Glessner House gala held at the Chicago Club. Pauline Saliga, executive director of the Society of Architectural Historians, and a Glessner House board member, presented Bob with his award.

LATER YEARS

Ancient Docent luncheon, 2012. Bob Irving is seated at right, Jeanette Fields is seated at center

Bob valued the many friendships he made among his fellow docents and thought of them as his family. He, and fellow class of 1971 docent Bunny Selig, organized the early classes into a group known as the Ancient Docents, which would gather each year, initially at a restaurant, and since 2016, at Glessner House. He was especially saddened by the death of Bunny in 2010 and Jeanette Fields in 2014.

June 12, 2021

In 2021, Glessner House held a celebration to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the docent program. Bob was the last member of his class to still be giving tours at the house. Friends far and wide contributed to a fund to honor Bob for his 50 years of service and to commemorate his 90th birthday that same month. On June 12, 2021, the 50th anniversary of the first docent class graduation, docents gathered in the courtyard, many seeing each other for the first time since the start of the pandemic. During the program, Bob learned that the generosity of his friends had funded the recreation of the tall oak standing screen in the dining room with its embroidered Morris fabric. It was delivered to the house a few weeks later, and long-time friend and fellow docent Allan Vagner brought Bob to the house, so he could be the first one to see the screen in place.


Just a month later, Bob had a fall at his condominium, which led to a hospital stay and his eventual move to assisted living at The Admiral. He returned to Glessner House a couple of times for the Ancient Docent luncheons. His last visit to the house took place on December 3, 2024, when fellow docent Bill Hinchliff accompanied him on a tour. Before they departed, they were photographed by the front doors, recreating the pose they had struck in a photo taken exactly 45 years earlier during a Christmas party.



The photograph captured Bob’s last moments in a house that had been an incredibly important part of his life for 54 years. Bob died peacefully on the morning of April 7, 2025, but his memory will live on, carried by those who were privileged to work beside him, and all those who benefitted from his knowledge. His wish was that he would be remembered for playing an important role in making Chicago the “Architecture City.” The city could not have asked for a better ambassador in sharing its architectural heritage with the world.

Tuesday, July 18, 2023

Glessner House - July 1948


In July 1948 – exactly 75 years ago – a young photography student at the Institute of Design, by the name of Robert C. Florian, visited Glessner House to photograph the iconic structure for a class assignment. Those black and white images provide a valuable record of the house during its transitional period between Glessner family ownership and its rescue from demolition in the 1960s, when it was occupied by the Lithographic Technical Foundation. In this article, we will share Florian’s story and some of our favorite images he captured the day of his visit.

Robert Charles Florian was born on January 28, 1926, in Cicero, Illinois. He developed a keen interest in photography during his high school years, enrolling in vocational photography classes and serving as photographer for the newspaper and yearbook at Morton High School. One of his photos took second place in a statewide competition.


1944 graduation photo
 

Soon after graduation, Florian was drafted and was sent to the Great Lakes Naval Training Station just north of Chicago. His aptitude for photography was noticed, and upon completion of his naval training as seaman second class, he was sent to the naval base at Pensacola, Florida, for five months of intensive photography training, learning to take pictures the “Navy Way.” He completed the course, ranking second in his class, and immediately undertook further training for movie cameras. In May of 1945 he was shipped to Hawaii where he served as a Naval photographer until the close of the war.



Florian, at left, in Hawaii with his camera


Florian was discharged in May 1946. Like many young men returning from World War II, he took advantage of the GI Bill and the funds it offered for education. He soon enrolled in Chicago’s Institute of Design which “offered the most important photography program in the United States and was the seminal place for the education of the modern artist-photographer from the 1930s through the 1960s.” (Light and Vision: Photography at the School of Design in Chicago, 1937-1952, Stephen Daiter Photography, 1994).

The Institute of Design began its life in 1937 as the New Bauhaus, developed under the guidance of Laszlo Moholy-Nagy, and briefly headquartered in the former Marshall Field mansion at 1905 S. Prairie Avenue (one block south of Glessner House). In 1944 it was renamed the Institute of Design, and in 1946 moved into the former Chicago Historical Society building at 632 N. Dearborn Street (shown below).



Prominent photographers who served on the faculty included Arthur Siegel (a New Bauhaus student) who returned to the school in 1946 when Moholy-Nagy made the decision to separate photography into its own department, and Harry Callahan, who took over as head of the department in 1949 when Siegel left. Among the students at this time was a young man who later distinguished himself with his architectural photography – Richard Nickel.

During Florian’s time at the school, he was given assignments with a general theme, and then he would develop the idea and head out to shoot images. One such assignment from Arthur Siegel was “Cross-Section Middle-Class Chicagoans” for which Florian decided to shoot a series of photos of people riding the “L.” Florian’s images for that project survive in the Arthur Siegel archive at the Chicago History Museum, and two of them (one shown below) were featured in Chicago Classic Photographs, edited by Richard Cahan and Michael Williams (CityFiles Press, 2017).



The specific theme of the assignment that brought Florian to the Glessner house is not known, although a review of the images would indicate that it was specifically geared toward architectural documentation. Florian shot 48 negatives comprising 33 distinct views (several were shot at more than one exposure).



The black and white sheet film negatives, known as 520 film, measure 2-1/4” x 3-1/4,” and include those made by both Kodak and Ansco. The collection at Glessner House includes all of the negatives and one print, with his stamp on the reverse. 



Two original prints (one shown below) are located in the collection of the Ryerson and Burnham Libraries at the Art Institute of Chicago.



Although the exact camera Florian used is not documented, it is likely he used a Graflex. In 1947, the company released two new cameras – the Pacemaker Speed Graphic and the Pacemaker Crown Graphic – both of which used that film size. They were high quality cameras and were popular with the press. As such, they would have been excellent cameras for a university level photography program, introducing students to state-of-the-art cameras.



Graflex Pacemaker Speed Graphic, 1947


The Illinois Institute of Technology absorbed the Institute of Design in 1949, and Florian graduated from there on January 28, 1950 – his 24th birthday. Among his fellow students was a young woman by the name of Virginia Lockrow; they married in September of that year. Florian worked for a time as a staff photographer for LIFE magazine and Coronet Educational Films. The couple settled in Berwyn, and both began their careers as art teachers – Robert at Main Junior High School in Franklin Park, and Virginia with LaGrange Grade School District 102.



1962 Toledo Glass Blowing Workshop; Florian front row, second from right


Florian had a deep interest in glass blowing and in 1962 participated in the Toledo Glass Blowing Workshop, a collaboration between glass artist and educator Harvey Littleton and the Toledo Museum of Art. The workshop is regarded as the birth of the American studio glass movement. Florian documented the workshop, the 1964 workshop at Madison, Wisconsin, and other glass artists in their studios. His collection of more than 600 negatives and prints now forms an important archive in the Rakow Research Library at the Corning Museum of Glass in Corning, New York.



Robert Florian died on January 18, 1989, just ten days before his 63rd birthday. His surviving photographs, ranging from artistic images of everyday riders on Chicago’s public transportation system to his documentary images of Glessner House and the birth of the studio glass movement, are a testament to his skill as a photographer and form an important archive of the mid-20th century as captured in black and white.








































Tuesday, February 14, 2023

Frances Glessner Lee is married


This month marks the 125
th anniversary of the marriage of Frances Glessner and Blewett Lee. The ceremony took place on February 9, 1898, in the parlor of her parents’ Prairie Avenue home. It was a small affair attended by family and close friends, but a great effort went into all the preparations. In this article, we will examine the event from beginning to end.

Frances Glessner returned from her fourteen month Grand Tour of Europe in July 1897 and immediately joined her family at The Rocks, their New Hampshire summer estate. Soon, she met Blewett Lee, a friend of her brother George. The relationship developed quickly and just three months later, on October 17, Blewett asked her parents for her hand in marriage. However, Frances had not yet had her formal introduction into Chicago society, so although her parents consented to the union, the announcement was withheld until after her debut took place in late November. (Click here to read an article about the debut). The engagement was announced to the extended family over the Christmas holiday. On the last day of the year, Frances’s mother wrote in her journal that she had spent much of the day writing letters to friends announcing the engagement. The letter read as follows:

“We have a very precious bit of news which we wish to share with you and Mr. ___. Our Frances is engaged and to be married early in February to Mr. Blewett Lee. We should rather have her a little older than she will be then, but Mr. Lee is so nearly everything in the world that is good and perfect that we cannot find it in our hearts to interfere with their complete happiness. Mr. Lee is a well established practicing lawyer and is also a professor of law in the Northwestern University, is a man of very unusual parts, character and education. He comes from old and distinguished families, the Lees and Harrisons of Virginia. He and Frances are heartily in love with each other and if we must lose our only daughter, he is the one man in the world to whom we are willing to give her. So, we ask you to congratulate the young people upon their happiness and us too because our daughter loves so good a man and one whom we cordially love and approve.”

The letter noted the bride’s young age – she was just 19 at the time; her husband-to-be was 30. Chicago newspapers announced the engagement on January 2, 1898, the Chicago Tribune noting this about Blewett:

“Mr. Blewett Lee, whose residence is at the Chicago Club, was educated at the Universities of Mississippi and of Virginia, studied at Leipsic and Freiburg, graduated from Harvard, and, besides his practice here, is professor of constitutional law and equity in Northwestern University, and has recently been asked to take similar positions at prominent Eastern colleges.”


The Inter Ocean provided a few additional facts including the fact that Blewett had been in Chicago for four years, and that following his graduation from Harvard in 1889, he “began his practical legal experience” with Justice Horace Gray of the U.S. Supreme Court. None of the articles provides any information about Frances Glessner herself. In mid-January, the date of Wednesday, February 9 was announced. By coincidence, it was the same date as the wedding of Elizabeth Henderson, daughter of the Glessners’ neighbors who lived three doors to the south at 1816 S. Prairie Avenue.

Over the next month, the journal is filled with entries relating to the wedding planning, including multiple visits to Madame Weeks at 1521 S. Michigan Avenue. She was Mrs. Glessner’s preferred dressmaker and made both the wedding dress and most of the trousseau, with items such as the lingerie coming from Schlesinger & Mayer’s.


Wedding corset, embroidered cotton coutil
(Collection of the Chicago History Museum)


As presents began to arrive, a third floor room was converted into an area to display the variety of costly gifts, and Mrs. Glessner notes many occasions where she took friends up to see the gifts and the trousseau. A notebook was purchased in which to record all the presents and from whom they were received, with sections for silver, china, glassware, embroideries, bed linens, household linens, and table linens. The image below shows a portion of the silver on display in the third floor room. The chest of silver flatware, with service for 18, was made by Gorham in the Antique pattern, and was a gift from the Glessners, as was the hammered silver tea and coffee service at left. The silver platters came from Frances’s favorite uncle, George Glessner, and the silver trays from her brother George. All the pieces have been donated to Glessner House by the family.


On Saturday, February 5, the 900-pound Steinway grand piano was moved up to the second floor. The cook, Mattie Williamson, baked the cakes, and they were taken to Charles Smiley, Chicago’s premiere African American caterer, for icing. Mrs. Glessner noted that the “little brides which were on our wedding cakes” were taken in for repair, and that some of the preserved orange flowers from her bouquet were to be put in with Frances’s fresh flowers.

The day before the wedding, men came in to lay white muslin on the floors, and the florist came to decorate the rooms. White lilies adorned the music cabinet, and the parlor mantel was filled with a bank of ferns and orchids. The northeast corner of the parlor, where the ceremony was to take place, was hung with wild smilax and white orchids, tied back on either side with small wreathes of lily of the valley. The stairway was decorated with palms and azaleas, and a group of these stood in the hall in front of the door to the courtyard. An immense bunch of American beauties stood on the sideboard.

Out of town guests began to arrive, and presents were sent all day. Rev. Philip H. Mowry, who had presided over the wedding ceremony of John and Frances Glessner in 1870, traveled from Chester, Pennsylvania to perform the ceremony for their daughter. More out-of-town family arrived on Wednesday, some staying with the Glessners’ neighbors, the O. R. Keiths, at 1808 S. Prairie Avenue.


Rev. Philip H. Mowry


The ceremony was scheduled for 5:00pm. Madame Weeks and two assistants arrived at 3:00pm to dress Frances. The wedding gown was made of white satin with a deep flounce of double rose Venetian point lace which Mrs. Glessner had acquired from Rome. Frances wore a tulle veil and carried a bouquet of lily of the valley (which was preserved, see image below). She wore a handkerchief and point lace in her sleeves that her mother had worn when she was married. She borrowed a pearl headed pin from her mother and wore a diamond necklace given to her by Blewett’s mother, whose fragile health prevented her traveling from Mississippi to attend.


The bridal party:

·        Helen Macbeth, maid of honor, was the bride’s aunt. She was Frances’s traveling companion during her Grand Tour of Europe in 1896-1897. Helen had served as the maid of honor when her sister Frances married John Glessner in 1870.

·        Alice Hamlin of Springfield, Ohio. Her engagement to George Glessner was announced later that evening.

·        Frances Ream of 1901 S. Prairie Avenue, a childhood friend. She went on to marry industrialist and coal mine operator John Kemmerer.

·        Marion Ream, Frances’s oldest sister. Her first husband was Redmond Stephens and together they owned what is now the Charnley-Persky House. Her second husband, Anastase Vonsiatsky, was a founder of the White Russian Fascist movement in the United States and was imprisoned for espionage during World War II.

·        George Glessner, the best man, was the brother of the bride.

·        Dwight Lawrence was Blewett Lee’s partner in the law firm of Lee & Lawrence, and a friend of George Glessner. Lawrence initiated the introduction between Blewett and the Glessners. He later became a leader in the National Roosevelt Committee when Theodore Roosevelt ran for president on the Progressive ticket in 1912.

·        Leverett Thompson was a banker and later served as mayor of Lake Forest.



Alice Hamlin, Marion Ream, Helen Macbeth, and Frances Ream


Madame Weeks received a pin in thanks, as did each of the servants. The bridesmaids received brooches of stones and pearls, and wore white organdy, with Valenciennes lace, pink sashes and bows, and carried pink carnations. Helen carried white roses. The men each received three pairs of sleeve buttons.

The bridal party formed in the hallway outside of the Glessners’ bedroom. Close friends formed a passage in the main hall for them to pass through, and then followed them into the parlor. Members of the Chicago Orchestra were seated on the main staircase on platforms that had been made especially for them by the Auditorium stage manager. Theodore Thomas selected and arranged the music but was unable to be present due to another commitment. They played the “Swedish Wedding March” by Söderman followed by “Call me thine own” from the opera L’éclair by Halévy. Of the ceremony, Mrs. Glessner wrote:

“Mr. Mowry stood with his back to the corner – and read the full Episcopal ceremony. The young people made their responses clearly and without hesitation. They were married with a ring. Helen removed the veil, Blewett kissed his bride. John, General Lee and I congratulated them, then George, then the grandparents, etc.”

At the conclusion of the ceremony, the orchestra played Mendelssohn’s “Wedding March.” After congratulations were offered all around, George stood by his mother, and Alice Hamlin by John Glessner, and their engagement was announced.


Signatures of the bride and groom, parents, and wedding party from the guestbook


The reception followed:

“Our tea table was set in the library. We put a fine damask cloth and then our old Maltese lace cloth. We had two pyramids of cake, white and black, one on each end. On top of these were the little brides used on our wedding cakes. We had a splendid basket of pink and white roses and ferns on the table. Then there were cakes the shape of a heart – candies with little white bow knots on top of them. We had frozen egg nog in the hall – tea and coffee in the alcove.”

(For cake recipes, see the "Cooking with Mattie" column posted February 1, 2023)

The reception was followed by dinner for 32 – the bridal party, family, Mr. and Mrs. Moore, Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence, and Governor and Mrs. Bushnell. The bridal party was seated in the dining room, the others were seated at three tables in the parlor.

The menu:
Oysters on the half shell, brown bread and butter, olives and celery
Chicken cream soup
Fish with cooked cucumbers and potatoes
Fillet of beef with brown sauce, with chestnuts, creamed mushrooms, celery, and jelly
Salad with sliced ham and hot crackers
Ice cream in the shape of four-leaf clovers
Cake, fruit, bon bons, coffee
Champagne throughout

John Glessner gave the toast to the bride:

“A toast for the bride – a good and loving daughter, a sweet and lovely bride who is to be a good and thoughtful and loving wife, whose joy is not in riches but in home making and the affection of husband and friends.

“To us old fogies these seem over young to marry yet and start out for themselves – but we old folks did it when we were young. The future is rose colored and rose scented for them as the looking forward was rosy for us and to us the color and the fragrance of the backward glance – the realization – is sweeter still.

“May it be so with these our dear children. Here pledge with me the health of the bride and the peace and comfort and joy of this new household.”

(The toast was later written out by Isaac Scott, and framed, as seen below)


The guests left at 9:00pm. Frances went to her room to change into her traveling costume – blue serge skirt, blue green and yellow plaid silk waist (swatch shown below), blue serge Eton coat, black velvet hat with scarlet roses, and a sealskin cape. Mrs. Glessner recorded how the evening drew to a close:

“Then we five sat down in our bedroom until time to go to the station. Then they – the two – went out alone together never to enter the home in the same way again.”


Waist fabric from book containing swatches of Frances's wedding dress and trousseau


The Elite News published an extensive account of the wedding, also noting the pedigree of the couple, a complicated issue given the role Blewett’s father played in the Civil War:

“Miss Glessner, through Madame Anna Bayard, who came to this country with her brother, old Peter Stuyvesant, the first Dutch governor of New York, and settled on Bohemia Manor, partly in New York and partly in New Jersey, traces her lineage to the family of the Chevalier Bayard, the knight sans peur et sans reproche, and Mr. Lee, through both the Lees and the Harrisons, goes back to Colonial Virginia and old established English families.

“Mr. Lee’s father, Lieut.-General S. D. Lee, was the Confederate officer detailed to demand the surrender of Fort Sumter at the breaking out of the war, and his grandfather, Hon. James T. Harrison, was selected by the whole of the Southern bar at the close of the war to defend Jefferson Davis if action should be brought by the Federal government against him for treason. Happily, this was not necessary, and both sides of Mr. Lee’s family accept the logical results of the war and are true and loyal citizens of our united country.”

Frances Glessner notes in her journal that on Saturday she felt her “first severe reaction” and could hardly get through the day. Serious illness was fast approaching, and on February 20 she underwent surgery in the corner guestroom and was confined to her bed for several weeks. Frances and Blewett Lee returned to Chicago on February 29 after spending their honeymoon in the South, and took rooms at the Hotel Metropole, located at 2300 S. Michigan Avenue.


The Lees held their first post-nuptial reception on April 12 at the Glessners’ home. On the same day and at the same hour, the former Elizabeth Henderson and her new husband, William H. Merrill, held their first reception at her parents’ home three doors away. This was no doubt carefully arranged, as the two families would have shared many of the same friends, making it convenient for them to visit both receptions at one time. John Glessner noted that 252 people attended their reception, but that his wife was not well enough yet to come down from her bedroom.

In early May, the young couple set up housekeeping in a first floor apartment at 120 E. 21st Street, just a few blocks from the Glessners. On December 5, 1898, their son John Glessner Lee was born. It had been a whirlwind eighteen months since Frances Glessner returned from her Grand Tour.



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